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1,816,693 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
Mathematics2025, 13(24), 4001;https://doi.org/10.3390/math13244001 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Mathematics is a discipline that forms the foundation of many fields and should be learned gradually, starting from early childhood. However, some subjects can be difficult to learn due to their abstract nature, the need for attention and planning, a...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Identifying Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke Events in China Real-World Data: A Validation Study in Tianjin Regional Healthcare Database

  • Jiamei Liu,
  • Zizhao Zhang,
  • Yin Liu,
  • Liming Zhao,
  • Zhenna Huang,
  • Xuxiao Ye,
  • Jeff L. Lange,
  • Nafeesa Dhalwani,
  • Fan Yang and
  • Kangyin Chen
  • + 2 authors
Pharmacoepidemiology2025, 4(4), 28;https://doi.org/10.3390/pharma4040028 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Objectives: Real-world evidence that supports decision-making must meet numerous criteria, including validated identification of clinical outcomes. This study aimed to develop and validate a method for identifying new cases of myocardial infarction (...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Adoption of Green Building Rating Systems in Saudi Arabia: Barriers and Solutions

  • Abdulrahman Bin Mahmoud,
  • Turki Alokili,
  • Salman Akhtar and
  • Saad Aljadhai
Sustainability2025, 17(24), 11248;https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411248 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Over the last 40 years, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has experienced economic growth that has driven urbanization and infrastructure improvements. However, this has also led to high resource use and poor planning, exacerbating climate challenges...

  • Review
  • Open Access
Fishes2025, 10(12), 647;https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10120647 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

This review elucidates the foundational principles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) homeostasis in humans, emphasizing its depletion during aging and in age-associated disorders. Subsequently, the discussion extends to NAD+ precursors and...

  • Review
  • Open Access

Nanoparticle-Based Assays for Antioxidant Capacity Determination

  • Jolanta Flieger,
  • Natalia Żuk,
  • Ewelina Grabias-Blicharz,
  • Piotr Puźniak and
  • Wojciech Flieger
Antioxidants2025, 14(12), 1506;https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14121506 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Thanks to both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants (AOs), the antioxidant defense system ensures redox homeostasis, which is crucial for protecting the body from oxidative stress and maintaining overall health. The food industry also exploits the a...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Bromo Analogues of Active 3,4,5,4′-Tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene (DMU-212)—A New Path of Research to Anticancer Agents

  • Dawid Łażewski,
  • Gabriela Korzańska,
  • Łukasz Popenda,
  • Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska,
  • Artur Korzański,
  • Eduard Potapskyi,
  • Julian Myszkiewicz,
  • Agnieszka Gielara-Korzańska,
  • Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak and
  • Nataliya Finiuk
  • + 6 authors
Molecules2025, 30(24), 4788;https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244788 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Stilbenes are a group of polyphenols that are gaining steady attention and have promising biological activity. While much attention is given to polyhydroxy compounds derived from resveratrol, other substituents remain largely unexplored. In this work...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Appl. Sci.2025, 15(24), 13169;https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413169 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

This study quantifies vertical earth pressure on the roofs of box culverts under high fills in valley terrain using centrifuge model tests with expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam for load mitigation. We compare buried-type culverts with valley-terrai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Brain Sci.2025, 15(12), 1335;https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15121335 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of different forgetting strategies on intentional forgetting, specifically comparing the passive decay strategy (‘forgetting by keeping the mind blank’) and the active rehearsa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Materials2025, 18(24), 5642;https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245642 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

A Ni2MnSn Heusler alloy composition of elemental powders was high-energy milled for a short time for powder activation. The milling times were chosen to be 1 and 4 h to study how mechanical mixing triggers the phase formation in the Ni-Mn-Sn system....

  • Article
  • Open Access

Empowering Patients: A Multicomponent Workshop Improves Self-Management and Quality of Life in Chronic Pain

  • María Victoria Ruiz-Romero,
  • María Begoña Gómez-Hernández,
  • Ana Porrúa-Del Saz,
  • María Blanca Martínez-Monrobé,
  • Natalia Gutiérrez-Fernández,
  • Almudena Arroyo-Rodríguez,
  • Rosa Anastasia Garrido-Alfaro,
  • Néstor Canal-Diez,
  • María Dolores Guerra-Martín and
  • Consuelo Pereira-Delgado
Med. Sci.2025, 13(4), 319;https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci13040319 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Backgruond: Chronic pain is a prevalent and disabling condition, affecting 20–30% of the global population, which requires multidisciplinary approaches integrating non-pharmacological therapies and promoting patient engagement in self-managemen...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access

Functional Interpretation of a Novel Homozygous METTL5 Variant Associated with ADHD and Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities: A Case Report and Literature Review

  • Sheema Hashem,
  • Saba F. Elhag,
  • Ajaz A. Bhat,
  • Waleed Aamer,
  • Aljazi Al-Maraghi,
  • Hala Alhaboub,
  • Dalya Abuthaher,
  • Ammira S. Al-Shabeeb Akil,
  • Mohammad Haris and
  • Khalid Fakhro
  • + 2 authors
Genes2025, 16(12), 1502;https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16121502 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background and Clinical Significance: Methyltransferase-like protein 5 (METTL5) is a conserved RNA methyltransferase responsible for catalyzing the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of 18S ribosomal RNA, a process critical for ribosome biogenesis...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access

Variations in Heat Load Nutritional Management on Animal Performance, Rumen Temperature and pH Characteristics in Grain-Fed Steers Challenged by High Heat Load

  • Stephanie L. Sammes,
  • Grace P. James,
  • Megan L. Sullivan,
  • Allan T. Lisle,
  • Angela M. Lees,
  • Gene Wijffels and
  • John B. Gaughan
Animals2025, 15(24), 3615;https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15243615 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

This study evaluated the effects of including additional roughage and the timing of roughage addition on rumen temperature (TRUM), rumen pH, dry matter intake as a percentage of live weight (DMILW), water consumption as a percentage of live weight (W...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Appl. Sci.2025, 15(24), 13168;https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413168 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Tritium (3H) is a low-energy β emitter commonly found in environmental water samples, and its routine monitoring requires highly sensitive techniques capable of achieving low detection limits. Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is the standard...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Interregional Water Systems: An Alternative for Integrated Water Management Through Game Theory Application

  • Miguel Angel Salomon-Vera,
  • Josué Medellín-Azuara,
  • Gerardo Arizmendi-Echegaray and
  • Benito Corona-Vásquez
Water2025, 17(24), 3562;https://doi.org/10.3390/w17243562 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

This study evaluates the feasibility of implementing water markets and improving decision-making for irrigated agriculture in transboundary water basins. It analyzes the physical and economic potential of cooperation between institutions and users in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Sustainability2025, 17(24), 11246;https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411246 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Mangrove sediments in the South China Sea, particularly in the Hainan Island region, play a crucial role in regulating heavy metal migration and sequestration. However, the impact of converting mangrove areas to fish and shrimp culture ponds on heavy...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Comparative Metabolic Fingerprinting of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Cultivars Under Boron Foliar Fertilisation

  • Paula Žurga,
  • Marija Polić Pasković,
  • Nikola Major,
  • Smiljana Goreta Ban,
  • Šime Marcelić,
  • Paula Pongrac,
  • Aadil Bajoub,
  • Martina Skendrović Babojelić,
  • Marko Petek and
  • Igor Pasković
Horticulturae2025, 11(12), 1521;https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11121521 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars often exhibit genotype-specific responses to micronutrient management. In this study, we investigated the metabolic leaf fingerprinting of three cultivars ‘Rošinjola’, ‘Leccino’, and &...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Kernel Adaptive Swin Transformer for Image Restoration

  • Zhen Ni,
  • Jingyu Wang,
  • Aniruddha Bhattacharjya and
  • Le Yan
Symmetry2025, 17(12), 2161;https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17122161 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

In this modern era, attention has been devoted to blind super-resolution design, which improves image restoration performance by combining self-attention networks and explicitly introducing degradation information. This paper proposes a novel model c...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Fingerprinting of Bulk and Water-Extractable Soil Organic Matter of Chernozems Under Different Tillage Practices for Twelve Years: A Case Study

  • Yulian Farkhodov,
  • Natalia Danchenko,
  • Igor Danilin,
  • Irina Grigoreva,
  • Natalia Matveeva,
  • Aliia Ziganshina,
  • Nikita Ermolaev,
  • Sergey Yudin,
  • Ivan Nadutkin and
  • Sergey Kambulov
  • + 1 author
Soil Syst.2025, 9(4), 138;https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems9040138 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Soil conservation technologies are widely studied for their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) preservation, yet their impact on the composition of soil organic matter (SOM) remains underinvestigated. This study evaluated the effects of two non-inv...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
Sustainability2025, 17(24), 11247;https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411247 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The construction industry remains a cornerstone of the global economy; however, it continues to face persistent challenges, including low productivity, frequent workplace accidents, and environmental degradation. This study employs a systematic liter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Remote Sens.2025, 17(24), 4037;https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17244037 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

To ensure all-day detection performance, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) usually need both visible and infrared images for dual-modality fusion object detection. However, misalignment between the RGB-IR image pairs and complexity of fusion models con...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Genes2025, 16(12), 1501;https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16121501 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs), as flavonoid compounds with potent antioxidant activity, exhibit significant health-promoting and medicinal properties. Black wolfberry (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.) is renowned for its exceptional anthocyanin co...

  • Article
  • Open Access

An Exploratory Study of Cannabidiol as an Adjunctive Treatment for Refractory Epilepsy in Dogs

  • Kanogwan Kimram,
  • Nirut Suwanna,
  • Bordin Tiraphut,
  • Sasithorn Limsuwan,
  • Suporn Thongyuan and
  • Natthasit Tansakul
Animals2025, 15(24), 3614;https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15243614 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Canine epilepsy often resists conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which affects their quality of life. Cannabidiol (CBD) has anticonvulsant properties; however, evidence of its use in canine epilepsy is limited and contradictory. This prospectiv...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Relational Aggression and Its Association with Other Forms of Aggression: An Applied Latent Profile Analysis

  • David Skvarc,
  • Brittany Patafio,
  • Shannon Hyder,
  • Travis Harries,
  • Ashlee Curtis,
  • Michelle Benstead and
  • Richelle Mayshak
Behav. Sci.2025, 15(12), 1736;https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15121736 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Relational aggression (RA) is characterised by social manipulation and covert harm, often involving fluid and overlapping experiences of both perpetration and victimisation. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify subgroups of young Austral...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Ethical Decision-Making in Medical Practice: The Role of Moral and Business Philosophies

  • George Dumitru Constantin,
  • Ruxandra Elena Luca,
  • Ioana Veja,
  • Crisanta-Alina Mazilescu,
  • Bogdan Hoinoiu,
  • Teodora Hoinoiu,
  • Ioana Roxana Munteanu and
  • Roxana Oancea
Healthcare2025, 13(24), 3296;https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13243296 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background: Ethical decision-making in medical care increasingly requires balancing clinical values, professional duties, and organizational reasoning. Understanding how healthcare professionals navigate moral dilemmas necessitates examining the phil...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Sustainability2025, 17(24), 11245;https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411245 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

It is recognized that a ship’s performance, speed, fuel consumption, and resistance are impacted by the marine environment. The magnitude of this effect, which can be altered by ship design and operational conditions, necessitates added resista...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Impact of Artificial Water Replenishment on Spatiotemporal Distribution of Local Water Renewal Time in West Lake

  • Pinyan Xu,
  • Xianliang Zhang,
  • Longwei Zhang,
  • Qifei Wang,
  • Zhihua Mao,
  • Lihua Rao,
  • Jun Yang and
  • Yinying Zhou
Water2025, 17(24), 3563;https://doi.org/10.3390/w17243563 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Water replenishment projects (WRP) are widely regarded by lake managers as an effective method for ecological restoration. But studies on multiple water receiving lakes indicate that multi-source water supplementation may exacerbate spatial heterogen...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Evaluation of Serum Iron and Platelet Parameters in Dogs

  • Charlotte Lubbers,
  • Tim Andre M. Corvers and
  • Charlotte Dye
Animals2025, 15(24), 3613;https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15243613 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

In humans, iron deficiency is commonly associated with reactive thrombocytosis, which has clinically relevant consequences. To investigate the relationship between serum iron parameters and platelet indices in dogs and to assess for associations betw...

  • Article
  • Open Access

A Novel Mathematical Model for Predicting Self-Excited Vibrations in Micromilling of Aluminium 7075

  • Cvijetin Mladjenovic,
  • Dejan Marinković,
  • Katarina Monkova,
  • Miloš Knežev and
  • Aleksandar Živković
Metals2025, 15(12), 1375;https://doi.org/10.3390/met15121375 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Micro milling of metallic materials presents unique dynamic challenges due to highly nonlinear cutting forces and the susceptibility to self-excited vibrations (chatter). This paper presents a novel mathematical model for chatter prediction in micro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Religions2025, 16(12), 1578;https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16121578 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

In the history of Turkish-Islamic culture, every stage of human life—from birth to death—has been ritualized with profound symbolic and spiritual meanings. Turkish religious music has functioned as a fundamental element in these transitio...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Secant-Improved State Estimation Method for Moving Target Tracking Under Video Satellite

  • Xiangru Bai,
  • Haibo Song,
  • Caizhi Fan,
  • Jinxiao Zhang and
  • Hexiang Huang
Aerospace2025, 12(12), 1109;https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12121109 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

A video satellite has continuous imaging capabilities, which grants it great potential for tracking and monitoring moving targets. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) are commonly used in the above process. However, the...

  • Review
  • Open Access

Glial Ion Channels in Myelin Pathophysiology: Insights from Leukodystrophies

  • Marcello Belfiore,
  • Sergio Visentin and
  • Elena Ambrosini
Life2025, 15(12), 1922;https://doi.org/10.3390/life15121922 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Leukodystrophies (LDs) constitute a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases in which mutations in glial cell genes lead to alterations in myelin formation and/or maintenance, ultimately causing white matter dysfunction. Increasing evidence on the gen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Metals2025, 15(12), 1376;https://doi.org/10.3390/met15121376 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The practical characterization algorithm is presented to find the optimized damage constants and critical damages of the traditional damage models formulated by some unknown damage constants. The flow characterization of the material SWCH45F is condu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Appl. Sci.2025, 15(24), 13167;https://doi.org/10.3390/app152413167 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Accurate and timely identification of cutter anomalies is crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of shield tunneling. To address the issues of poor timeliness and high costs associated with traditional periodic manual inspection methods, this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Antibiotics2025, 14(12), 1271;https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14121271 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background/Objectives: Postbiotics derived from lactic acid bacteria are emerging as promising antimicrobial agents due to their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and immunomodulatory properties. Among their metabolites, lactic acid (LA) is thought to play...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Foods2025, 14(24), 4327;https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14244327 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The Gannan navel orange (GNO) industry is large but constrained by limited deep-processing. This study employed vacuum freeze-drying (FD) and hot-air drying (HD) methods to prepare dried GNO slices, comparing their physical properties, volatile/non-v...

  • Review
  • Open Access
Chemosensors2025, 13(12), 432;https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13120432 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Harmful substances in food and agricultural environments pose significant risks to human health, necessitating the development of sensitive detection technologies. Electrochemical sensors are ideal for rapid monitoring because of their low cost, high...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Sensors2025, 25(24), 7613;https://doi.org/10.3390/s25247613 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The reliability of electric vehicle (EV) batteries requires detecting surface defects but also precisely locating them on the physical module for automated inspection, repair, and process optimisation. Conventional 2D computer vision methods, though...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Controlling the Scandium Gradient and Microstructure in AlN Thin Films via a Magnetron Sputtering-Ion Implantation Strategy

  • Xiaolu Yuan,
  • Xueyang Bai,
  • Ke Huang,
  • Junjun Wei,
  • Liangxian Chen,
  • Jinlong Liu,
  • Chengming Li and
  • Wenrui Wang
Coatings2025, 15(12), 1481;https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15121481 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Scandium (Sc)-doped aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films are critical for high-frequency, high-power surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. A composite Sc doping strategy for AlN thin films is proposed, which combines magnetron sputtering pre-doping with...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
Photonics2025, 12(12), 1232;https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12121232 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The investigation of topological structures and phases in photonics has created unprecedented opportunities for developing advanced on-chip terahertz waveguide devices. Topological waveguides, which exhibit reduced backscattering and improved turning...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Healthcare2025, 13(24), 3295;https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13243295 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background: Many biological drugs have a rival version produced from different cell lines by other manufacturers; these drugs are referred to as biosimilars. By providing accurate information, encouraging patient and medical community acceptance, and...

  • Review
  • Open Access

Ensuring the Safe Use of Bee Products: A Review of Allergic Risks and Management

  • Eliza Matuszewska-Mach,
  • Paulina Borysewicz,
  • Jan Królak,
  • Magdalena Juzwa-Sobieraj and
  • Jan Matysiak
Int. J. Mol. Sci.2025, 26(24), 12074;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262412074 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Honeybee products (HBPs), including honey, bee pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, and bee brood, are increasingly used in food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic contexts. Because of their natural origin, HBPs can provoke allergic reactions...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Serum Dysregulation of IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38 in Pyoderma Gangrenosum: Clinical Correlations and Implications for IL-36R-Targeted Therapy

  • Magdalena Łyko,
  • Joanna Maj,
  • Klaudia Rubas,
  • Anna Ryguła-Kowalska,
  • Danuta Nowicka-Suszko and
  • Alina Jankowska-Konsur
Int. J. Mol. Sci.2025, 26(24), 12076;https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262412076 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by chronic, painful ulcerations. Despite increasing evidence suggesting immunological dysregulation, the role of IL-36 cytokines in PG remains poorly defined. Objec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Minerals2025, 15(12), 1309;https://doi.org/10.3390/min15121309 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

The performance of conventional bentonite-based drilling fluids is severely compromised in high-salinity and high-hardness brines, creating a need for salt-tolerant viscosifiers. This work provides a comprehensive performance evaluation of an activat...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
Behav. Sci.2025, 15(12), 1734;https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15121734 
(registering DOI)

15 December 2025

Longitudinal studies consistently demonstrate that repeated exposure to peer victimisation can have enduring consequences for children and adolescents’ mental health. Documented outcomes include elevated risks of disorders such as depression, a...

  • Review
  • Open Access

15 December 2025

Bacterial biofilms are critical contributors to chronic infections and antimicrobial resistance. Among the diverse extracellular matrix components, extracellular DNA (eDNA) and amyloid proteins have recently emerged as pivotal structural and function...

  • Article
  • Open Access

15 December 2025

This paper presents an analytically derived optimal control strategy for wound-rotor synchronous machines (WRSM) based on minimising the Joule losses in both the stator and rotor windings. The presented control strategy is analysed in terms of analyt...

  • Review
  • Open Access

Turn-Taking Modelling in Conversational Systems: A Review of Recent Advances

  • Rutherford Agbeshi Patamia,
  • Ha Pham Thien Dinh,
  • Ming Liu and
  • Akansel Cosgun

Effective turn-taking is fundamental to conversational interactions, shaping the fluidity of communication across human dialogues and interactions with spoken dialogue systems (SDS). Despite its apparent simplicity, conversational turn-taking involve...

  • Article
  • Open Access

The Association Between Racial Microaggressions and Stereotypes and Self-Rated Mental Health in Asian Women

  • Yvette C. Cozier,
  • Bhavana Ganduri,
  • Michael Tang,
  • Yifan Xie,
  • Uyen-sa D. T. Nguyen and
  • Hyeouk Chris Hahm

The impacts of microaggressions and the Model Minority Myth on self-rated mental health among Asian American (AA) women are unclear. A total of 152 AA women completed an online questionnaire including select items from the Racial and Ethnic Microaggr...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques: A Systematic Review on the Implications for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders

  • Valerio Sveva,
  • Marco Mancuso,
  • Alessandro Cruciani,
  • Elias Paolo Casula,
  • Giorgio Leodori,
  • Silvia Antonella Selvaggi,
  • Matteo Bologna,
  • Vincenzo Di Lazzaro,
  • Anna Latorre and
  • Lorenzo Rocchi

15 December 2025

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques—including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), theta-burst stimulation (TBS), paired associative stimulation (PAS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and transcrania...

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